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Updated: Mar 20, 2026
Thoracoscopic Extended Right Middle Plus Lower Sleeve Lobectomy for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Published on: February 27, 2026
Bilateral thoracoscopic extended thymectomy versus sternotomy
Alfonso Fiorelli1, Antonio Mazzella2, Roberto Cascone2
1Thoracic Surgery Unit, Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Catania, Italy alfonso.fiorelli@unina2.it.
Background:
Complete open surgical resection is the standard treatment for thymoma and myasthenia gravis. We evaluated the feasibility of bilateral video-assisted thoracoscopic extended thymectomy, and compared it to surgery via sternotomy.
Methods:
From 2011 to 2014, 43 patients undergoing thymectomy were divided into 2 groups: 23 underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic extended thymectomy, and 20 had thymectomy via sternotomy. The primary outcomes were postoperative pain score (visual analog scale) at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, and 1-month postoperatively, and morphine consumption in the first 48 h. Secondary outcomes were surgical and clinical results.
Results:
There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of demographics and preoperative clinical data. Compared to the sternotomy group, the video-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy group had lower pain scores and morphine consumption at all time points, significantly less operative blood loss and chest drainage volume, and shorter hospital stay. The rates of improvement in myasthenia gravis were 85% and 86% in the video-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy and sternotomy groups, respectively. No recurrence of thymoma was found in either group (median follow-up 27 months).
Conclusions:
Our results seem to confirm that in selected cases, video-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy allows complete resection of thymus and perithymic tissue, similar to sternotomy but with the known advantages of minimally invasive surgery including less pain and a good cosmetic result.
