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Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin,...
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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
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A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma
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[Food allergy in adulthood].

Thomas Werfel1

  • 1Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland. werfel.thomas@mh-hannover.de.

Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz
|May 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Adult food allergies are increasing, affecting 3.7% in Germany. Diagnosis involves history, tests, and molecular diagnostics, with avoidance and counseling crucial for management.

Keywords:
Cross-allergyFood allergiesImmunoglobulin EMolecular allergy diagnosticsOral provocation test

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Food allergies can emerge in adulthood or persist from childhood.
  • While more common in children, adult food allergies are increasingly recognized, with a reported prevalence of 3.7% in Germany.
  • Manifestations range from immediate reactions to delayed symptoms like indigestion and eczema flares.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnosis and management of adult food allergies.
  • To highlight the increasing prevalence and broad clinical spectrum of adult food allergies.
  • To emphasize the role of modern diagnostic tools and patient counseling.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current diagnostic principles including history, skin prick tests, in vitro tests, elimination diets, and provocation tests.
  • Application of molecular allergy diagnostics for risk assessment and cross-reactivity detection.
  • Adherence to 2015 German and European guidelines for food allergy management.

Main Results:

  • Adult food allergies present with diverse immediate and delayed symptoms.
  • Common adult allergens include nuts, fruits, vegetables, wheat, shellfish, and crustaceans, with potential pollen cross-reactivity.
  • Molecular diagnostics improve risk stratification for systemic reactions and identify cross-reactivities.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of adult food allergies requires a comprehensive approach.
  • Effective management relies on strict allergen avoidance, dietary planning, and patient education to ensure quality of life and prevent nutritional deficiencies.
  • Specialized counseling is essential for patients managing adult-onset food allergies.