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Dark stars: a review.

Katherine Freese1, Tanja Rindler-Daller, Douglas Spolyar

  • 1Nordita (Nordic Institute for Theoretical Physics), KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. The Oskar Klein Center for Cosmoparticle Physics, AlbaNova University Center, University of Stockholm, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Department of Physics and Michigan Center for Theoretical Physics, University of Michigan, 450 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Reports on Progress in Physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dark stars, powered by dark matter annihilation instead of fusion, represent a potential early phase of stellar evolution. These giant, cool objects may also be seeds for supermassive black holes.

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Area of Science:

  • Cosmology
  • Astrophysics
  • Stellar Evolution

Background:

  • Dark stars are hypothetical stellar objects powered by dark matter annihilation, not nuclear fusion.
  • Weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) are prime candidates for dark matter, capable of self-annihilation within stars.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the formation, growth, and evolution of dark stars.
  • To explore their potential role in the early Universe and as seeds for supermassive black holes.

Main Methods:

  • Studies utilized polytropic interior assumptions and the MESA stellar evolution code.
  • Analysis of dark star structure, evolution, and potential detectability.

Main Results:

  • Dark stars are giant, puffy, and cool, powered by dark matter annihilation constituting ~0.1% of stellar mass.
  • They can grow to supermassive sizes, potentially detectable by the James Webb Space Telescope.
  • Upon exhaustion of dark matter fuel, they may collapse into black holes.

Conclusions:

  • Dark stars may have been the first stars in the Universe.
  • They could serve as seeds for observed supermassive black holes.
  • Dark stars might exist today in high dark matter density regions, like galactic centers.