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Clinical guidelines for interstitial cystitis and hypersensitive bladder updated in 2015.
Yukio Homma1, Tomohiro Ueda2, Hikaru Tomoe3
1Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Summary
Updated guidelines define interstitial cystitis and hypersensitive bladder, conditions impacting quality of life. Diagnosis requires cystoscopy, though effective treatments remain limited.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Nephrology
- Gynecology
Background:
- Updated 2015 clinical guidelines address interstitial cystitis (IC) and hypersensitive bladder (HB).
- IC is defined by HB symptoms plus bladder pathology, excluding other causes.
- HB presents with HB symptoms but unproven pathology or other diseases.
Discussion:
- IC and HB significantly impair patient quality of life due to symptoms and comorbidities.
- Prevalence estimates for these conditions vary widely, ranging from 0.01% to over 6%.
- Pathophysiology involves a complex interplay of urothelial dysfunction, inflammation, neural hyperactivity, and other factors.
Key Insights:
- Classification distinguishes Hunner type IC (with lesions) from non-Hunner type IC (mucosal bleeding).
- Diagnosis necessitates cystoscopy, potentially with hydrodistension.
- Current therapeutic options have limited evidence, with few recommended treatments.
Outlook:
- Further research is needed to understand the complex pathophysiology of IC and HB.
- Development of evidence-based treatments is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
- Enhanced diagnostic criteria may improve accurate identification and management of these conditions.
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