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Understanding the body-mind in primary care.

Annette Sofie Davidsen1, Ann Dorrit Guassora2, Susanne Reventlow2

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Understanding patients requires moving beyond the body-mind dualism common in healthcare. New theoretical approaches, like mentalization, offer a more holistic way to grasp patient experiences in primary care settings.

Keywords:
BiopsychosocialEmbodimentMentalizationPatient-centerednessPhenomenologyPsychosomatics

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Area of Science:

  • Integrative medicine
  • Primary care research
  • Medical sociology

Background:

  • Patient symptom experience often transcends the artificial body-mind division in healthcare.
  • Current models like the biopsychosocial approach can remain dualistic or reductionist.
  • Primary care is uniquely positioned to study undifferentiated symptoms that bridge physical and mental health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore theoretical models for a more holistic understanding of patients.
  • To discuss the limitations of existing approaches in primary care.
  • To propose mentalization theory as a framework for comprehensive patient assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Review and discussion of theoretical models in primary care.
  • Examination of concepts such as the psychosomatic approach, 'body-mind' metaphor, and 'bodily empathy'.
  • Analysis of phenomenological thinking and mentalization theory in patient understanding.

Main Results:

  • Existing integrative views have not been widely adopted in primary care.
  • Concepts like 'body-mind' and 'bodily empathy' align with phenomenological and mentalization theories.
  • Mentalization theory offers a promising foundation for understanding patients comprehensively.

Conclusions:

  • A shift from dualistic thinking to a more integrated approach is needed for patient care.
  • Physician intersubjectivity and understanding patient experience without premature diagnosis are crucial.
  • Successful implementation of mentalization-based approaches depends on supportive structural and organizational conditions.