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Updated: Mar 20, 2026

Design and Fabrication of an Elastomeric Unit for Soft Modular Robots in Minimally Invasive Surgery
Published on: November 14, 2015
Baoliang Zhao1, Carl A Nelson1
1Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68508
Researchers explored using motor current to estimate tool-tissue forces in robotic minimally invasive surgery (R-MIS). This sensorless method offers accurate, low-delay haptic feedback, enhancing R-MIS systems without bulky sensors.
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