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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy01:28

Endoscopic Procedures III: Video Capsule Endoscopy

Capsule endoscopy, or wireless or video capsule endoscopy, is a diagnostic procedure for examining the entire gastrointestinal tract. Patients swallow a capsule about the size of a vitamin tablet. The capsule is equipped with a transmitter, a battery, an LED light source, and a color video camera to capture images throughout the gastrointestinal tract. This procedure is particularly useful for diagnosing conditions such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, tumors, polyps, ulcers, unexplained...
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Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
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Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

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The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy01:29

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An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic procedure in which an endoscopist uses a flexible, lighted endoscope to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The procedure includes visualizing the oropharynx, esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine, the duodenum.
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Endoscopic Procedures V: ERCP01:26

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Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a diagnostic procedure that combines endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat conditions related to the bile ducts, pancreatic ducts, and gallbladder. This procedure is beneficial for identifying and addressing blockages, gallstones, strictures, and tumors within the biliary or pancreatic systems. ERCP is both diagnostic and therapeutic, offering the ability to visualize and treat identified problems in one session.
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Steerable Sheaths That Turn Endoscopes into Robotic Platforms for Colon Interventions.

Peter Connor1, Joshua Gafford2, Patrick Anderson2

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203-2466.

Journal of Medical Devices
|June 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel robotic system that converts standard colonoscopes into multi-arm platforms. This innovation enhances surgeon dexterity for complex procedures like endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), making them more accessible.

Keywords:
colon cancerendoscopic submucosal dissectionflexible endoscopymedical robots and systemssurgical robotics

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Robotics
  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • Endoscopic interventions for colon lesions show clinical promise but are difficult to perform with conventional endoscopes.
  • Existing robotic platforms require custom endoscopes, leading to high costs and workflow disruption.
  • Lack of sufficiently small and dexterous robotic manipulators has prevented integration with standard endoscopes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a robotic system that enhances dexterity for colon procedures using conventional endoscopes.
  • To overcome the limitations of current robotic endoscopic platforms by enabling the use of existing equipment.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of converting standard endoscopes into robotic platforms for complex interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized steerable sheaths based on the concentric push-pull principle to create robotic manipulators.
  • Integrated these manipulators with conventional endoscopes to form multi-arm robotic platforms.
  • Conducted feasibility experiments for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) using ex vivo porcine models.

Main Results:

  • Successfully converted conventional endoscopes into functional multi-arm robotic platforms.
  • Demonstrated the system's capability in performing endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) procedures.
  • Enabled users with no prior ESD experience to successfully complete the procedure.

Conclusions:

  • The novel steerable sheath system effectively transforms conventional endoscopes into robotic platforms for colon procedures.
  • This approach offers a cost-effective and workflow-compatible solution for enhancing endoscopic interventions.
  • The system significantly lowers the learning curve and improves accessibility for complex endoscopic surgeries like ESD.