Hematological Indices in Children with Non-organic Failure to Thrive: a Case-Control Study

Area of Science:

• Pediatrics
• Hematology
• Nutrition

Background:

• Non-organic failure to thrive (NFTT) is the primary cause of failure to thrive (FTT), often stemming from inadequate nutrition due to socioeconomic factors or neglect.
• NFTT can create a detrimental cycle of poor eating habits and increased anemia severity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the hematological indices in children diagnosed with NFTT.
• To establish the prevalence and characteristics of anemia in children with NFTT.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional case-control study was conducted involving 45 children aged 6-60 months with NFTT and 45 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.
• Evaluated iron status and blood indices in both NFTT and control groups.

Main Results:

• Anemia prevalence was significantly higher in the NFTT group (48.9%) compared to controls (11.4%).
• Microcytic anemia was markedly more common in children with NFTT (77.8%) versus controls (27.3%).
• Iron deficiency anemia prevalence was substantial across all underweight categories and peaked in the 12-24 month age group.

Conclusions:

• A significant correlation exists between malnutrition and anemia in children with NFTT.
• Further research is recommended to validate these findings and explore therapeutic interventions.