Psychological effects during reduced training in distance runners

Area of Science:

• Sports Science
• Exercise Physiology
• Psychology of Sport

Background:

• Reduced training, or tapering, is common in swimming before competitions.
• Its effects on well-trained male distance runners are less understood.
• This study investigates the psychological and physiological responses to reduced training in runners.

Purpose of the Study:

• To examine the effects of a 3-week, 70% training volume reduction on mood, perceived exertion, and performance in well-trained male distance runners.
• To compare psychological and physiological measures during a baseline training period (BT) and a reduced training period (RT).

Main Methods:

• Ten well-trained male distance runners underwent 4 weeks of baseline training (BT) followed by 3 weeks of reduced training (RT).
• Psychological assessments included the Profile of Moods States (POMS), Physical Self-Efficacy Scale (PSES), and Sport Competition Anxiety Test.
• Physiological measures included ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during treadmill running and 5-km race performance.

Main Results:

• Global mood state improved (less negative) during the reduced training period.
• Pre-race vigor initially decreased then significantly increased, while pre-race tension decreased.
• Fatigue significantly dropped in week 1 of reduced training, and perceived exertion was lower at a slower running speed during weeks 2 and 3.
• No significant changes were observed in competition anxiety or physical self-efficacy.
• Running performance remained consistent throughout the study.

Conclusions:

• Well-trained runners may be unaccustomed to reduced training protocols.
• Reduced training can lead to a more positive mood state and reduced fatigue.
• Athletes can maintain performance levels during reduced training, suggesting psychological benefits without compromising physical capability.