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Experimental infection of Rio Mamore hantavirus in Sigmodontinae rodents
William Marciel de Souza1, Alex Martins Machado1,2, Luiz Tadeu Moraes Figueiredo1
1Universidade de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Centro de Pesquisa em Virologia, Ribeirão Preto SP , Brasil, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Centro de Pesquisa em Virologia, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.
Abstract:
This study shows an experimental spillover infection of Sigmodontinae rodents with Rio Mamore hantavirus (RIOMV). Necromys lasiurus and Akodon sp were infected with 103 RNA copies of RIOMV by intraperitoneal administration. The viral genome was detected in heart, lung, and kidney tissues 18 days after infection (ai), and viral excretion in urine and faeces began at four and six ai, respectively. These results reveal that urine and faeces of infected rodents contain the virus for at least 18 days. It is possible that inhaled aerosols of these excreta could transmit hantavirus to humans and other animals.
Insights
This study demonstrates experimental hantavirus infection in rodents, showing Rio Mamore hantavirus (RIOMV) shedding in urine and feces for at least 18 days. This highlights potential aerosol transmission risks to humans and other animals.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Zoonotic Diseases
- Rodent Ecology
Background:
- Hantaviruses are zoonotic viruses carried by rodents.
- Rio Mamore hantavirus (RIOMV) is a known hantavirus species.
- Understanding hantavirus transmission dynamics is crucial for public health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the experimental spillover infection of Sigmodontinae rodents with RIOMV.
- To determine the duration of viral shedding in infected rodents.
Main Methods:
- Infection of Necromys lasiurus and Akodon sp rodents with 10^3 RNA copies of RIOMV via intraperitoneal administration.
- Detection of viral genome in heart, lung, and kidney tissues at 18 days post-infection.
- Monitoring of viral excretion in urine and feces starting from 4 and 6 days post-infection, respectively.
Main Results:
- The viral genome was successfully detected in key organs (heart, lung, kidney) 18 days after infection.
- Viral excretion in urine and feces was observed starting at 4 and 6 days post-infection, respectively.
- Infected rodents shed RIOMV in their excreta for at least 18 days.
Conclusions:
- Rodent excreta (urine and feces) serve as a reservoir for RIOMV for an extended period.
- Inhaled aerosols from infected rodent excreta pose a potential transmission risk of hantavirus to humans and other animals.
- This study provides critical insights into hantavirus transmission pathways and emphasizes the importance of rodent control measures.
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