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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

10
Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid...
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Viral Meningitis01:18

Viral Meningitis

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Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
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Atypical Pneumonia01:14

Atypical Pneumonia

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Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease...
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Reservoir of Infection01:30

Reservoir of Infection

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Infectious diseases arise from intricate interactions between pathogens and their reservoirs. A reservoir of infection refers to the natural habitat where a pathogen lives, grows, and multiplies, serving as a continual source of infection. Reservoirs are broadly classified as either living or nonliving, and each plays a unique role in disease transmission, significantly influencing public health interventions and control strategies.Humans act as reservoirs for a wide array of pathogens,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 20, 2026

Non-Invasive Model of Neuropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection in the Neonatal Rat
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Human Meningitis-Associated Escherichia coli.

Kwang Sik Kim1

  • 1Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287.

Ecosal Plus
|May 26, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Escherichia coli meningitis remains a global health threat due to incomplete understanding of its pathogenesis. Targeting microbial and host factors involved in bacterial invasion of the blood-brain barrier offers potential therapeutic strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a leading cause of Gram-negative bacterial meningitis globally.
  • E. coli meningitis contributes significantly to mortality and morbidity worldwide.
  • Emergence of antibiotic-resistant E. coli strains, such as those producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), complicates treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the pathogenesis of E. coli meningitis, focusing on bacterial invasion of the blood-brain barrier (BBB).
  • To identify microbial and host factors critical for E. coli's BBB penetration.
  • To explore potential therapeutic targets for preventing and treating E. coli meningitis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized in vitro and in vivo models of the blood-brain barrier.

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  • Investigated the role of specific microbial and host factors in E. coli BBB invasion.
  • Examined microbe- and host-specific signaling molecules involved in meningitis development.

    • Main Results:

    • E. coli meningitis development is contingent upon high levels of bacteremia and successful invasion of the BBB.
    • Specific microbial and host factors, along with signaling molecules, are essential for E. coli's BBB penetration.
    • Blocking these identified factors demonstrates efficacy in preventing E. coli entry into the brain.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding the factors driving high bacteremia and BBB invasion is crucial for combating E. coli meningitis.
    • Targeting microbial and host interactions at the BBB presents a promising avenue for novel preventative and therapeutic interventions.
    • Further research into these factors will likely yield new strategies to reduce the impact of E. coli meningitis.