Proton pump inhibitors and osteoporosis

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology and Endocrinology
• Bone Metabolism Research

Background:

• Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely prescribed for acid-related gastrointestinal disorders.
• Concerns exist regarding potential adverse effects of PPIs on bone health, including osteoporosis and fractures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent evidence (last 18 months) on the association between PPI use and osteoporosis/fractures.
• To discuss new findings, their clinical impact, and potential underlying mechanisms.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of recent scientific literature.
• Analysis of studies investigating PPIs and bone health outcomes.

Main Results:

• Recent studies reinforce the link between PPI use and increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures.
• Both short-term and long-term PPI use appear to carry similar risks.
• The precise pathogenic mechanism remains elusive, with no clear evidence of direct effects on calcium absorption or bone cell activity.

Conclusions:

• PPI use is identified as a risk factor for osteoporosis and related fractures.
• Lack of clarity on pathogenesis limits targeted interventions.
• Clinical recommendations include careful consideration of PPI indications and using the lowest effective dose.