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A lateral signalling pathway coordinates shape volatility during cell migration.

Liang Zhang1, Valbona Luga1,2, Sarah K Armitage3

  • 1Center for Systems Biology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5.

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|May 27, 2016
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Summary
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Scientists discovered a new cell migration pathway involving Pk1 and RhoGAPs that controls cell shape changes, crucial for efficient cell movement.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cell migration is vital for physiological and pathological processes.
  • Migrating cells exhibit dynamic morphological changes regulated by signaling pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Identify a novel signaling pathway regulating cell migration.
  • Investigate the role of the Pk1-Arhgap21/23 complex in cell dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Identified the Pk1-Arhgap21/23 complex as a novel lateral signaling pathway.
  • Investigated the localization and function of this complex on the cell membrane.
  • Analyzed the impact of pathway disruption on actomyosin network and focal adhesions.
  • Quantified cell shape volatility and its correlation with migration speed.

Main Results:

  • The Pk1-Arhgap21/23 complex inhibits RhoA and localizes to the lateral membrane cortex.
  • Disruption of this complex disorganized the actomyosin network and altered focal adhesion dynamics.
  • Pk1-mediated lateral signaling restricts protrusive activity and is regulated by Smurf2.
  • Dynamic interplay between lateral and protrusive signaling creates "shape volatility" correlating with migration speed.

Conclusions:

  • Uncovered a novel lateral signaling pathway coordinating cell shape volatility during migration.
  • This pathway is essential for regulating cell morphology and migration efficiency.