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Related Concept Videos

Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

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Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
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Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
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Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
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Thermoregulation01:26

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The human body has a sophisticated thermoregulation system that employs negative feedback mechanisms to maintain an optimal core temperature. When the core temperature drops, peripheral and central thermoreceptors send signals to the hypothalamus, activating the heat-promoting center. This center triggers several responses aimed at increasing the core temperature. First, vasoconstriction reduces the flow of warm blood from internal organs to the skin so that the heat is not lost from the skin,...
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Translational Regulation01:29

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Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity01:09

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Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 20, 2026

A Simple and Inexpensive Method for Determining Cold Sensitivity and Adaptation in Mice
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Modulating the surface expression of cold receptors.

Carlos A Toro1, Sebastian Brauchi2

  • 1Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center; Oregon Health & Science University ; Beaverton, OR, USA.

Temperature (Austin, Tex.)
|May 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Organisms sense temperature for survival, but detection mechanisms were unclear. Thermally-activated ion channels reveal molecular details of mammalian temperature perception and transduction.

Keywords:
AMPA, α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acidPM, plasma membraneTRP, transient receptor potentialTRPM8TRPM8, Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 8TRPV1, transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1cold sensingmembrane dynamicsregulated exocytosissignal amplification

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Sensory Neuroscience

Background:

  • Temperature sensing is crucial for organismal adaptation and survival.
  • The molecular mechanisms underlying thermal perception and transduction remain incompletely understood.
  • Recent advancements point towards ion channels as key players in thermosensation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular entities responsible for temperature detection in mammals.
  • To understand the mechanisms of thermal signal transduction.
  • To shed light on the biological basis of thermosensation.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated thermally-activated ion channels.
  • Analyzed molecular components involved in temperature sensing.
  • Studied signal transduction pathways related to thermal stimuli.

Main Results:

  • Identified specific molecular entities involved in temperature detection.
  • Demonstrated the role of thermally-activated ion channels in thermosensation.
  • Provided insights into the transduction of thermal signals in mammals.

Conclusions:

  • Thermally-activated ion channels are key molecular determinants of temperature sensing in mammals.
  • These findings advance our understanding of the biological basis of thermosensation.
  • Opens new avenues for research into temperature perception and related physiological processes.