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Should we still use vitamin A to prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia?

X I Couroucli1, J L Placencia1, L A Cates1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neonatology, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
|May 27, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Vitamin A prophylaxis can prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. This review evaluates evidence to guide decisions on its renewed, but costly, use.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) causes significant morbidity in preterm infants.
  • Vitamin A prophylaxis was historically used but became scarce.
  • Renewed availability of Vitamin A at a higher cost presents a dilemma for routine use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on Vitamin A for BPD prevention.
  • To provide a framework for evaluating Vitamin A's value.
  • To guide clinical and policy decisions regarding Vitamin A use.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental data.
  • Analysis of clinical trial evidence.
  • Assessment of socioeconomic factors and cost-effectiveness.

Main Results:

  • Vitamin A demonstrates efficacy in preventing BPD in certain preterm populations.
  • Socioeconomic analysis is crucial due to increased cost.
  • Evidence supports a targeted approach rather than universal prophylaxis.

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin A remains a valuable tool for BPD prevention.
  • Cost-benefit analysis is essential for current clinical practice.
  • Decision-making should integrate clinical, economic, and policy considerations.

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