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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Physics
  • Quantum Optics
  • Solid-State Physics

Background:

  • Quantum mechanics excels at describing microscopic phenomena.
  • The existence of fundamental limitations for observing quantum phenomena at the macroscopic scale remains an open question.
  • Previous experiments have focused on creating quantum superpositions in light or matter.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate quantum correlations between a single photon and a macroscopic atomic ensemble.
  • To explore the possibility of light-matter entanglement at the micro-macro scale.
  • To demonstrate a method for expanding the size of quantum superpositions in matter.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an entanglement witness to reveal quantum correlations.
  • Employed quantum memory techniques.
  • Experiment involved a single photon interacting with an atomic ensemble of billions of ions in a crystal.

Main Results:

  • Observed quantum correlations between a single photon and a macroscopic atomic ensemble.
  • Demonstrated a superposition of two macroscopically distinguishable solid-state components involving tens of atomic excitations.
  • Indirectly showed light-matter micro-macro entanglement, assuming time ordering insignificance.

Conclusions:

  • The experiment provides evidence for quantum correlations bridging microscopic and macroscopic scales.
  • The developed approach can potentially be used to create larger quantum superpositions in matter.
  • This work contributes to understanding the boundary between quantum and classical physics at larger scales.