[Laryngeal and larynx-associated reflexes].

Area of Science:

• Laryngology
• Neuroscience
• Physiology

Background:

• The larynx possesses several critical reflexes that protect the airway and facilitate respiration and swallowing.
• These reflexes include the laryngeal adductor reflex, pharyngoglottal closure reflex, laryngeal expiration reflex, cough reflex, inspiration reflex, sniff reflex, and swallowing reflex.
• Understanding these mechanisms is vital for diagnosing and managing laryngeal dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the known laryngeal reflexes and their physiological roles.
• To discuss current clinical testing methods for specific laryngeal reflexes.
• To highlight the need for further research into laryngeal reflexes for improved diagnostics.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on laryngeal reflexes and their clinical applications.
• Description of diagnostic tests such as air pulse stimulation for the laryngeal adductor reflex and the water swallow test for the cough reflex.
• Mention of the sniff reflex's utility in assessing vocal fold abduction.

Main Results:

• Laryngeal reflexes play crucial roles in airway protection and material clearance.
• Specific reflexes can be clinically assessed using methods like air pulses and water swallow tests.
• The sniff reflex is a valuable tool for evaluating vocal fold function.

Conclusions:

• Laryngeal reflexes are essential for life-sustaining functions.
• Current clinical tests provide insights into the integrity of certain laryngeal reflexes.
• Further research is needed to deepen our understanding and enhance diagnostic capabilities for laryngeal impairments.