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Compartment Syndrome in Children.

Pooya Hosseinzadeh1, Christopher B Hayes2

  • 1Department of Orthopedics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Baptist Children's Hospital, 8740 North Kendall Drive, Suite 115, Miami, FL 33176, USA.

The Orthopedic Clinics of North America
|June 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Increased pain medication needs may signal compartment syndrome in children. Prompt diagnosis and fasciotomy for high-risk fractures lead to excellent outcomes.

Keywords:
Compartment syndromeFasciotomyIntracompartmental pressureNear-infrared spectroscopyVolkman ischemic contracture

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Trauma Surgery

Background:

  • Compartment syndrome presents uniquely in pediatric patients compared to adults.
  • Early recognition is crucial for preventing long-term complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight key indicators and risk factors for compartment syndrome in children.
  • To emphasize the importance of timely diagnosis and surgical intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pediatric cases with high-risk fractures.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations and treatment outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Elevated analgesic requirements are an early indicator of pediatric compartment syndrome.
  • Supracondylar humerus fractures, floating elbow injuries, operatively treated forearm fractures, and tibia fractures are high-risk injuries.
  • Specific factors like excessive elbow flexion and closed forearm fracture treatment increase risk.

Conclusions:

  • Compartment syndrome in children requires vigilant monitoring, with increased pain as a primary warning sign.
  • Early fasciotomy in pediatric patients with compartment syndrome ensures favorable long-term results.