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A capacitance pressure sensor using a phase-locked loop.

A Patel1, M Kothari, J G Webster

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706.

Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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This study developed a novel pressure sensor system for measuring foot-shoe interface pressure. The system accurately captures plantar pressure distribution during walking and running for gait analysis and diabetic foot care.

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of plantar pressure is crucial for understanding gait biomechanics and managing foot conditions.
  • Existing methods may lack the spatial resolution or portability required for dynamic gait analysis.
  • Developing advanced sensor systems can improve diagnostic capabilities and therapeutic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel capacitance-based pressure sensor system for measuring foot-shoe interface pressure.
  • To evaluate the system's performance in terms of sensitivity, nonlinearity, hysteresis, and repeatability.
  • To demonstrate the system's utility in capturing plantar pressure distribution during normal walking and running.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized a Hercules pressure sensor (model #F4-4R) with an interface circuit converting capacitance changes to voltage.
  • Employed a 555 timer circuit and a phase-locked loop (PLL) to translate capacitance to frequency and then to voltage (0-5 V).
  • Implemented a low-pass filter (20 Hz corner frequency) for signal conditioning and monitored pressure at 7 locations per foot using a portable data-acquisition system.
  • Main Results:

    • The sensor system demonstrated a pressure range of 0-1300 kPa with capacitance changes from 275-580 pF.
    • Key performance metrics included hysteresis (8-12%), nonlinearity (8%), nonrepeatability (7%), and temperature coefficient (-0.147%/°C).
    • System sensitivity was 2.77 mV/kPa with a temperature drift of +0.53%/°C, showing decreased spatial sensitivity towards the periphery.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed sensor system provides a reliable method for quantifying plantar pressure distribution during dynamic activities.
    • The findings support the application of this technology in gait analysis, identifying abnormal gait patterns.
    • Potential exists for using this system in sensory substitution feedback for diabetic patients with insensate feet to prevent pressure-related injuries.