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Malignant external otitis in Spain.

Antonio Guerrero-Espejo1, Inmaculada Valenciano-Moreno2, Rafael Ramírez-Llorens3

  • 1Investigación y Docencia, Hospital Universitario de La Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, España; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de Valencia, Valencia, España.

Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola
|June 1, 2016
PubMed
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Malignant external otitis, a serious ear infection, primarily affects elderly males with diabetes. This study found low incidence and mortality rates in Spain, with most cases occurring in the last quarter of the year.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Malignant external otitis (MEO) is a severe necrotizing infection of the ear canal extending to adjacent tissues.
  • Understanding its epidemiology in Spain is crucial for public health management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of malignant external otitis in Spain.
  • To report the largest case series of MEO in Spain to date.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective descriptive study was conducted using Spain's minimum basic data set (MBDS) from 2008-2013.
  • Cases were identified using ICD-9-CM code 380.14 for malignant external otitis.
  • Incidence rates were calculated by geographical area, season, and mortality.
Keywords:
Aged, 80 and overClasificación internacional de enfermedadesDiabetes mellitusEdad superior a los 80 añosEspañaFactores de riesgoIncidenceIncidenciaInternational classification of diseasesMalignaMalignantMortalidadMortalityOsteomielitisOsteomyelitisOtitis externaRisk factorsSpain

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Main Results:

  • A total of 355 MEO cases were identified.
  • The overall incidence rate was 1.30 per 10^6 inhabitants/year, with significant geographical variations.
  • MEO predominantly affected elderly males (over 84 years), with a male-female relative risk of 2.4. Diabetes was present in 74.6% of patients. In-hospital mortality was 3.7%.

Conclusions:

  • Malignant external otitis is most prevalent in elderly, male, diabetic patients.
  • The incidence and mortality rates of MEO in Spain are relatively low.
  • Further research into regional variations and risk factors is warranted.