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Related Experiment Video

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Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
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Working Memory Load Affects Processing Time in Spoken Word Recognition: Evidence from Eye-Movements.

Britt Hadar1, Joshua E Skrzypek2, Arthur Wingfield3

  • 1Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center HerzliyaHerzliya, Israel; School of Psychological Sciences, Tel-Aviv UniversityTel Aviv, Israel.

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|June 1, 2016
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Summary

High working memory load, like remembering four digits, delays spoken word recognition. This impacts how quickly listeners distinguish target words from similar-sounding ones, even in quiet environments.

Keywords:
eye-trackingspeech perceptionvisual world paradigmword recognitionworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Psycholinguistics

Background:

  • Speech perception often occurs alongside other cognitive tasks.
  • The precise influence of working memory on speech processing remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of varying working memory load on the timing of spoken word recognition.
  • To determine if increased working memory demands alter the speed of auditory lexical access.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the visual world paradigm with eye-tracking to monitor listener responses.
  • Participants identified objects based on spoken instructions, with phonological competitors present.
  • Working memory load was manipulated using a digit span task (1 digit = low load, 4 digits = high load).

Main Results:

  • A high working memory load (four digits) significantly delayed the discrimination point between target words and phonological competitors.
  • Eye-tracking data revealed slower differentiation of spoken words under high cognitive load.
  • Even in ideal listening conditions, working memory capacity influenced real-time speech processing.

Conclusions:

  • Working memory plays a critical role in efficient speech perception, even for unimpaired young adults.
  • Cognitive load can disrupt the temporal dynamics of spoken word recognition.
  • Findings highlight the interplay between executive functions and auditory processing.