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Related Experiment Video

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Spontaneous Fluctuations in Sensory Processing Predict Within-Subject Reaction Time Variability.

Maria J Ribeiro1, Joana S Paiva2, Miguel Castelo-Branco1

  • 1Visual Neuroscience Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (IBILI), University of Coimbra Coimbra, Portugal.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|June 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Reaction time variability, a marker for cognitive function, is linked to visual processing timing. Our study shows that fluctuations in the N1 visual evoked potential

Keywords:
choice-reaction time taskelectroencephalography (EEG)event-related potentials (ERPs)independent component analysisintra-individual variabilityreaction timesingle trial EEGvisual processing

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neurophysiology

Background:

  • Inter-trial reaction time variability is a significant biomarker for attention deficits, frontal dysfunction, and age-related cognitive decline.
  • While sensory processing variability is implicated, its precise spatio-temporal profile and link to reaction time variability remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize intra-individual variability in single-trial visual evoked potentials (VEPs).
  • To investigate the relationship between VEP variability and inter-trial reaction time variability.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized electroencephalogram (EEG) data from participants performing a 2-choice reaction time task.
  • Employed time-point correlation and single-trial peak latency/amplitude analyses to link event-related potentials (ERPs) with reaction time.
  • Applied independent component analysis (ICA) to enhance extraction of visual cortex-related ERP measures.

Main Results:

  • A significant relationship was found between the N1 visual evoked potential and reaction time.
  • The earliest significant correlation between N1 amplitude and reaction time occurred at 175 ms post-stimulus onset.
  • Single-trial N1 latency, but not amplitude, significantly correlated with reaction time.

Conclusions:

  • Variability in the timing of extrastriate visual processing contributes to reaction time variability.
  • The N1 component's latency is a key factor linking visual processing timing to reaction time fluctuations.