Physical Methods for Seed Invigoration: Advantages and Challenges in Seed Technology

Area of Science:

• Agricultural Science
• Seed Technology
• Plant Physiology

Background:

• Physical seed treatments offer advantages over conventional chemical methods for enhancing plant production.
• These treatments impact seed physiology from morpho-structural changes to gene expression.
• Magneto-priming, microwaves (MWs), ionizing radiations (IRs), and ultraviolet (UV) radiations are promising pre-sowing techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and critically discuss the use of physical methods for seed invigoration.
• To highlight the constraints and advantages of these techniques.
• To explore future perspectives for seed technologists, producers, and trade markers.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on physical seed invigoration techniques.
• Discussion of magneto-priming, MWs, IRs (gamma-rays, X-rays), and UV radiations (UV-A, UV-C).
• Exploration of electron paramagnetic resonance for monitoring treatment efficacy.

Main Results:

• Magneto-priming is eco-friendly, cost-effective, and non-invasive, improving germination, vigor, and yield.
• Low-dose gamma-rays enhance germination and seedling establishment.
• MWs, X-rays, and UV radiations show potential but require further investigation for optimal application.

Conclusions:

• Physical seed treatments present viable alternatives for enhancing seed quality and crop yield.
• Optimization of dose, exposure time, and environmental conditions is crucial for all methods.
• Electron paramagnetic resonance offers potential for precise monitoring and control of seed invigoration treatments.