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Acute myelitis as presenting symptom of HIV-HTLV-1 co-infection
A Cucca1, L Stragapede2, L Antonutti2
1Clinica Neurologica, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy. cucca.alberto@libero.it.
Abstract:
A 21-year-old woman presented with acute-onset spastic paraparesis. The MRI spinal scan revealed a contrast-enhanced T2 hyperintensity between C5-T2. The most common neurotropic pathogens were excluded by first level tests. Under suspicion of an acute immune-mediated myelitis, a corticosteroid therapy was administered. However, a seropositivity for both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 and human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) subsequently emerged. An antiretroviral therapy was started while steroids discontinued. Patient's clinical conditions remained unchanged. HIV-HTLV-1 co-infection should be included in the differential diagnosis of any acute myelitis, even in patients with a preserved immune status and no risk factors.
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