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Serious Suicide Attempts.

Yossi Levi-Belz1, Annette Beautrais2

  • 11 Department of Behavioral Sciences, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek-Hefer, Israel.

Crisis
|June 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Researchers aimed to define serious suicide attempts, which are behaviorally similar to completed suicides. A consensus definition is proposed, incorporating medical lethality, method lethality, and suicide intent severity.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Suicidal behavior is diverse, with serious suicide attempts mirroring completed suicides.
  • Studying survivors of serious suicide attempts offers insight into the psychological precursors of suicide.
  • A clear definition of serious suicide attempts is needed for research and clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a consensus definition and operational criteria for serious suicide attempts.
  • To standardize terminology and criteria for a critical subset of suicidal behavior.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review of over 60 papers was conducted.
  • Studies utilizing terms like "serious suicide attempt" or "highly lethal" were analyzed.
  • Focus was placed on the operational criteria employed across different studies.
Keywords:
lethalitynomenclatureoperational definitionsserious suicide attemptssuicide intentsuicide methods

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Main Results:

  • A wide array of operational definitions for serious suicide attempts was identified.
  • Significant lack of consensus in terminology and criteria was observed.
  • Existing definitions varied considerably, hindering consistent research and clinical application.

Conclusions:

  • An integrative definition for serious suicide attempts is proposed, encompassing three dimensions: medical lethality, method lethality, and suicide intent.
  • This definition aims to provide a comprehensive framework for clinicians and researchers.
  • Adoption of this standardized terminology is encouraged to advance the study of suicidal behavior.