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Averting the legacy of kidney disease - focus on childhood

Julie R Ingelfinger1, Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Franz Schaefer

  • 1World Kidney Day, International Society of Nephrology, in collaboration with the International Federation of Kidney Foundations, Brussels. myriam@worldkidneyday.org.

African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine
|June 2, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Childhood kidney disease, often stemming from congenital issues, can predict adult kidney disease. Early detection and treatment, alongside equitable access to care, are crucial for better outcomes in pediatric kidney patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Kidney disease in childhood presents unique challenges, differing significantly from adult presentations.
  • Congenital anomalies and inherited disorders are primary causes in children, unlike glomerulopathies or diabetes-related kidney issues common in adults.
  • Early life factors, including prematurity and low birth weight, increase the risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) later in life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight kidney disease in childhood and its role as a precursor to adult kidney disease.
  • To emphasize the importance of early detection and intervention for at-risk children.
  • To advocate for equitable access to effective treatments for all children with kidney disease, regardless of location or economic status.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current understanding of pediatric kidney disease, focusing on World Kidney Day 2016 themes.
  • Analysis of risk factors originating in birth and early childhood.
  • Examination of treatment outcomes for advanced pediatric CKD, including kidney replacement therapy.

Main Results:

  • Congenital anomalies and inherited disorders are the leading causes of CKD in children.
  • Children born prematurely or small-for-date face a higher risk of developing CKD.
  • Pediatric patients often achieve better outcomes with kidney replacement therapy than adults, though only a minority require it.

Conclusions:

  • Close monitoring of high-risk infants and children is essential for early detection and prevention of kidney disease.
  • Effective therapeutic interventions are available for advanced childhood CKD, with kidney replacement therapy showing promise.
  • Addressing disparities in healthcare access is critical to ensure all children receive timely and effective kidney disease treatment.

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