Late presented case of distal humerus epiphyseal separation in a newborn

The incidence of traumatic bone injuries occurring during birth is rare (1 per 1000 live births). Of all long bone fractures, the humerus is one of the commonest bones to be involved. However, distal humeral epiphyseal separation is rare and has seldom been written up in case reports and small case series. It warrants some critical assessment and appropriate attention. This injury is sometimes missed as it is difficult to diagnose at initial presentation. It may be mistaken for dislocation of the elbow, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis or brachial plexus injury, owing to lack of movement of the upper limb. Knowledge of its clinical and radiological findings will enable the treating physician to diagnose it at the appropriate time. Masterful observation is adequate treatment for this condition, and leads to a better clinical and radiological outcome. Timely diagnosis with an optimistic prognosis will prevent unnecessary parental apprehension.