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A highly miniaturized vacuum package for a trapped ion atomic clock.

Peter D D Schwindt1, Yuan-Yu Jau1, Heather Partner1

  • 1Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|June 3, 2016
PubMed
Summary

We developed a compact vacuum package for a miniaturized atomic clock using trapped ytterbium-171 ions. This device achieves a fractional frequency stability of 2 × 10(-11)/τ(1/2).

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Area of Science:

  • Atomic Physics
  • Quantum Technology
  • Metrology

Background:

  • Miniaturization of atomic clocks is crucial for portable and space-based applications.
  • Trapped ion atomic clocks offer high stability and accuracy.
  • Previous designs often lack sufficient integration and compactness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly miniaturized vacuum package for a Ytterbium-171 ion atomic clock.
  • To integrate essential components including an ion trap, Yb sources, and a getter pump.
  • To demonstrate the functionality of the atomic clock within this compact package.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of miniature neutral Ytterbium sources.
  • Assembly of a 1 cm³ vacuum package containing a linear quadrupole RF Paul ion trap.
  • Vacuum processing including bake-out, helium buffer gas backfilling, and sealing.
  • Utilizing a non-evaporable getter pump for sustained vacuum.

Main Results:

  • Successful ion trapping of Ytterbium-171 ions within the miniaturized package.
  • Demonstration of atomic clock operation by stabilizing a local oscillator to the 12.6 GHz hyperfine transition of Yb+.
  • Achieved a fractional frequency stability of 2 × 10(-11)/τ(1/2).

Conclusions:

  • The developed miniaturized vacuum package enables compact and functional Ytterbium-171 ion atomic clocks.
  • This technology paves the way for next-generation portable and high-performance atomic clocks.
  • The integrated design and fabrication process are key to achieving high stability in a small volume.