Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 20, 2026
09:04
Activation and Measurement of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity Using IL-1β in Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells
Published on: May 22, 2014
21.5K
An RLP23-SOBIR1-BAK1 complex mediates NLP-triggered immunity
Isabell Albert1, Hannah Böhm1, Markus Albert1
1Center of Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, Tübingen D-72076, Germany.
Nature Plants
|June 3, 2016
Summary
Researchers identified RLP23, a plant immune receptor, that recognizes a common microbial pattern (nlp20). Engineering RLP23 in crops can enhance resistance to fungal and oomycete pathogens.
Area of Science:
- Plant immunity
- Molecular plant-pathogen interactions
- Crop protection
Background:
- Plants and animals possess innate immune systems to combat microbial infections.
- Pattern-triggered immunity involves pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) detecting microbe-derived patterns.
- Necrosis and ethylene-inducing peptide 1-like proteins (NLPs) are unique immunogenic patterns found in bacteria, fungi, and oomycetes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of leucine-rich repeat receptor protein (LRR-RP) RLP23 in plant immunity.
- To identify the specific microbial pattern recognized by RLP23.
- To assess the potential of RLP23 for enhancing crop immunity.
Main Methods:
- In vivo binding assays to determine RLP23 interaction with NLP-derived fragments.
- Analysis of RLP23 complex formation with LRR receptor kinases (LRR-RKs) SOBIR1 and BAK1.
- Ectopic expression of RLP23 in potato to evaluate disease resistance.
Main Results:
- RLP23 directly binds to a conserved 20-amino-acid fragment (nlp20) from NLPs, activating immune responses in Arabidopsis thaliana.
- RLP23 forms a constitutive complex with SOBIR1 and recruits BAK1 upon nlp20 binding.
- Ectopic RLP23 expression in potato conferred enhanced immunity against oomycete (Phytophthora infestans) and fungal (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) pathogens.
Conclusions:
- RLP23 acts as a PRR recognizing the widespread nlp20 pattern.
- The RLP23-SOBIR1-BAK1 complex mediates pattern recognition and immune activation.
- Engineering PRRs like RLP23 in crops offers a promising strategy for durable disease resistance.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity
1.8K
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
1.8K
01:29Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
2.4K
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
2.4K
01:24B Cell Activation and Differentiation
17.8K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
17.8K
01:45Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting
3.4K
Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
3.4K
01:25Immune Surveillance by NK Cells and Phagocytes
9.4K
Immune surveillance is an integral part of the innate immune system, involving the continuous monitoring of peripheral tissues to detect and respond to pathogens, infected cells, or cancerous cells. This surveillance is conducted primarily by natural killer (NK) cells and phagocytes, which employ distinct but complementary mechanisms to identify and eliminate threats.
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...
Natural Killer Cells: The Fast Responders
NK cells are large granular lymphocytes found in the blood and lymphatic system. These...
9.4K
01:28Diversity of Antigen Receptors
2.0K
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
2.0K