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Related Concept Videos

Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:18

Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements

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Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
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Key Elements for Plant Nutrition02:35

Key Elements for Plant Nutrition

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Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the...
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Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:28

Proteins: Dietary Sources and Requirements

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Consuming animal-based products offers high-quality proteins that contain optimal levels and combinations of essential amino acids, crucial for tissue repair and growth. Foods like eggs, milk, fish, and most meats are a source of complete proteins. Legumes and cereals are abundant in proteins; however, they typically lack a full range of essential amino acids. As a result, they are considered incomplete protein sources. Some plant sources like soybeans, quinoa, and amaranth do contain complete...
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Overview of Fatty Acid Metabolism01:28

Overview of Fatty Acid Metabolism

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Lipids also are sources of energy that power cellular processes. Like carbohydrates, lipids are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but these atoms are arranged differently. Most lipids are nonpolar and hydrophobic. Major types include fats and oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids.
Fatty acids are catabolized in a process called beta-oxidation, which takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria and converts their fatty acid chains into two-carbon units of acetyl groups. The acetyl...
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Biofuels01:25

Biofuels

1
The microbial conversion of organic matter into biofuels holds potential as a renewable energy source. Among biofuel sources, microalgae are recognized as a highly efficient and adaptable feedstock for biodiesel production, owing to their rapid biomass accumulation, elevated lipid productivity, and capacity to proliferate in diverse aquatic systems, including freshwater, marine, and wastewater habitats. Unlike terrestrial crops, microalgae do not compete for land and can achieve significantly...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
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Laboratory Production of Biofuels and Biochemicals from a Rapeseed Oil through Catalytic Cracking Conversion
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Vegetable Oil: Nutritional and Industrial Perspective.

Aruna Kumar1, Aarti Sharma1, Kailash C Upadhyaya2

  • 1Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India.

Current Genomics
|June 3, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Plant oils offer a renewable resource for food and industrial uses, potentially replacing petroleum and fish oil. Further research into plant lipid metabolism is key to enhancing fatty acid production for diverse applications.

Keywords:
Erucic acid.Hydroxy fatty acidsOleic acidsOmega-3 fatty acidsStearidonic acidγ-linolenic acid

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biotechnology
  • Lipid metabolism
  • Sustainable resources

Background:

  • Plant oils are versatile, renewable resources with diverse fatty acid (FA) profiles.
  • Increasing demand for industrial applications (paints, lubricants, biofuels) and nutritionally beneficial FAs.
  • Potential to substitute non-renewable petroleum sources and marine-derived long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the importance of fatty acids (nutritional and industrial).
  • To explore approaches for creating 'designer' vegetable oils for various uses.
  • To discuss genetic engineering strategies for novel FA production in plants.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on plant lipid metabolism and fatty acid synthesis.
  • Analysis of genetic engineering techniques for modifying FA composition.
  • Discussion of successes and challenges in producing novel FAs in non-native plant species.

Main Results:

  • Plant oils are crucial for both food and industrial sectors.
  • Genetic engineering offers a pathway to produce valuable and novel fatty acids.
  • Understanding plant biochemical pathways is essential for optimizing oil production.

Conclusions:

  • Plant-derived oils are sustainable alternatives to petroleum and marine resources.
  • Further elucidation of plant lipid metabolism is critical for enhancing oil production and quality.
  • Genetic engineering holds significant promise for developing tailored vegetable oils for specific applications.