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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
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Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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Related Experiment Video

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Cytosolic Calcium Measurements in Renal Epithelial Cells by Flow Cytometry
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Keeping a lid on calcium uptake.

Vivek Garg1, Yuriy Kirichok1

  • 1Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States.

Elife
|June 4, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Three proteins assemble to create a channel regulating calcium ion entry into mitochondria. This structural understanding is key for mitochondrial function and calcium signaling research.

Keywords:
EMREMCUbiochemistrycalcium transporthumanion channelmitochondria

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Mitochondria regulate cellular calcium homeostasis.
  • Calcium influx into mitochondria is mediated by specific protein channels.
  • Dysregulation of mitochondrial calcium contributes to various pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the structural basis of the mitochondrial calcium channel.
  • To understand the assembly of proteins forming the calcium influx pathway.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized biochemical assays to probe protein interactions.
  • Investigated the quaternary structure of the mitochondrial calcium channel complex.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the precise arrangement of three key proteins.
  • Revealed the architecture of the functional calcium channel.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a detailed structural model of the mitochondrial calcium channel.
  • Understanding this protein complex is crucial for deciphering mitochondrial calcium transport mechanisms.