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Chemical Engineering in the "BIO" World.

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Chemical Engineering evolved into Biological Engineering, applying core principles to biological systems. This evolution, starting in the 1960s, spans diverse applications from drug delivery to artificial organs.

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Area of Science:

  • Chemical Engineering
  • Biological Engineering
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Modern Chemical Engineering emerged in the late 19th century, distinct from Chemistry by its focus on industrial-scale application.
  • Biological Engineering, a branch of Chemical Engineering, developed in the 1960s, applying established engineering principles to biological challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical origins and evolution of Chemical Engineering.
  • To illustrate the successful application of Chemical Engineering principles in the biological field.
  • To stimulate discussion on updating Chemical Engineering curricula.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of Chemical Engineering development.
  • Case studies of recent applications in Biological Engineering.
  • Analysis of theoretical tools common to both fields (e.g., mass, energy balances).

Main Results:

  • Chemical Engineering has significantly transformed since its inception.
  • Biological Engineering utilizes fundamental Chemical Engineering tools for diverse applications like hemodialysis, drug release, and siRNA delivery.
  • The field's evolution demonstrates a Darwinian-like adaptation of engineering principles.

Conclusions:

  • Biological Engineering represents a significant evolutionary path for Chemical Engineering.
  • The successful integration of engineering principles in biology highlights the need for curriculum updates.
  • Further exploration of Chemical Engineering's role in biological advancements is warranted.