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Related Concept Videos

Adhesion01:14

Adhesion

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Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
Capillary action is a result of water’s adhesive tendencies. When a narrow...
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Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
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Strong contact points between adjacent cells anchor them to each other, forming tissues. Such anchoring junctions are of two types –  adherens junctions and desmosomes. Adherens junctions are abundant in tissues such as  epithelium and endothelium, forming a continuous zone of adhesion called the adhesion belt. In other tissues, such as  heart muscle, they appear as clusters, linking the cells to produce coordinated heart muscle contraction.
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Related Experiment Video

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Synthesis of Strong Adhesive Hydrogel, Gelatin O-Nitrosobenzaldehyde
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Adhesion in hydrogel contacts.

J R Torres1, G D Jay2, K-S Kim2

  • 1Devices, Sensors and Materials R&D Branch, Sensors and SONAR Systems Department, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Newport, RI, USA; School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.

Proceedings. Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|June 10, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a thermomechanical model for hydrogel adhesion, revealing that bulk composition and phase changes significantly impact energy dissipation during detachment, alongside interface and viscous effects.

Keywords:
Gent—Eshelbybiofoulinglubricinpolymer brushthermomechanicsviscoelasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Physics
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Hydrogels are crucial in various applications, but their adhesion mechanisms, especially energy dissipation, are complex.
  • Understanding dissipation is key to controlling hydrogel behavior in contact and detachment scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a generalized thermomechanical model for hydrogel adhesion.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms of energy dissipation within the viscoelastic bulk of hyperelastic hydrogels.
  • To identify factors influencing adhesion dynamics and propose a parameter for dominant dissipation mechanism discernment.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a generalized thermomechanical model.
  • Analysis of energy dissipation, including interface formation, viscous flow, and bulk composition effects.
  • Investigation of phase inhomogeneity and morphological changes within the hydrogel bulk.
  • Incorporation of mixing thermodynamics to understand phase dynamics.
  • Inclusion of time-dependent behavior in the model.

Main Results:

  • The model identified three primary dissipation mechanisms: interface formation, viscous flow, and bulk composition changes due to phase inhomogeneities.
  • Phase inhomogeneity dynamics, governed by mixing thermodynamics, can either enhance or disrupt adhesion.
  • The model successfully accounts for the time-dependent nature of hydrogel adhesion and detachment.
  • A novel parameter was proposed to distinguish the dominant dissipation mechanism during hydrogel contact detachment.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrogel adhesion dissipation is a complex interplay of interface, viscous, and bulk phenomena.
  • Bulk composition and morphology, driven by thermodynamics, play a critical role in adhesion.
  • The developed model provides a framework for understanding and predicting hydrogel adhesion behavior.
  • The proposed parameter aids in characterizing hydrogel detachment mechanisms.