Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacogenetics of Phase I Enzymes: Cytochrome P450 Isozymes01:28

Pharmacogenetics of Phase I Enzymes: Cytochrome P450 Isozymes

104
Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes are a superfamily of heme-containing monooxygenases that play a pivotal role in Phase I drug metabolism by catalyzing oxidation and reduction reactions.These enzymes transform lipophilic xenobiotics into more hydrophilic metabolites, facilitating subsequent Phase II conjugation and eventual excretion. The CYP450 family is classified into families (e.g., CYP1–CYP3) and subfamilies (e.g., CYP2A, CYP2C), based on amino acid sequence homology.CYP450...
104
Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu01:29

Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

98
Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...
98
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity01:09

GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity

8.2K
Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of...
8.2K
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Metabolism: Overview01:27

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Metabolism: Overview

96
Genetic polymorphism in drug metabolism is crucial to the inter-individual variability observed in drug responses. Drug metabolism primarily involves the chemical modification of drugs and other xenobiotics to enhance their elimination by increasing their polarity. Two main classes of enzymes mediate this biotransformation process: Phase I enzymes, primarily cytochrome P450s, catalyze oxidation and reduction reactions, while other enzymes, such as esterases, mediate hydrolysis, and Phase II...
96
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase01:11

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

65
Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
65
Allosteric Proteins-ATCase01:19

Allosteric Proteins-ATCase

6.9K
Binding sites linkages can regulate a protein's function.  For example, enzyme activity is often regulated through a feedback mechanism where the end product of the biochemical process serves as an inhibitor.
Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of L-aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate to  N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. This reaction is the first step in pyrimidine biosynthesis. UTP and CTP, the end products of the pyrimidine synthesis...
6.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Evaluating the feasibility of the CIPHER metadata framework towards building a conceptual phenotype standard.

JAMIA open·2026
Same author

Ten Years of Innovation: Transforming Research in Ageing Through the Melbourne Ageing Research Collaboration (MARC).

Australasian journal on ageing·2026
Same author

Short-Term Outcomes of Laparoscopic Hiatal Hernia Repair with Consecutive Transoral Incisionless Fundoplication: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study.

Journal of the American College of Surgeons·2026
Same author

Applying Lean Six Sigma to improve efficiency in outpatient iodine-131 therapy: reducing process time and material waste.

BMJ open quality·2026
Same author

Repurposing insulin for Alzheimer's disease treatment: intranasal delivery of a thermoresponsive nanocarrier-based insulin formulation to the brain.

Drug delivery and translational research·2026
Same author

UC2288 decreases the viability and metastatic activity of human Uveal melanoma cells via activating the AMPK/eIF2/ATF4 ER stress axis.

European journal of pharmacology·2026
Same journal

Humanized mouse models for drug metabolism and drug transport: a systematic review.

Drug metabolism reviews·2026
Same journal

Drug transporters in drug disposition - highlights from the year 2025.

Drug metabolism reviews·2026
Same journal

Herbal supplements and anti-tuberculosis therapy: unlocking hidden interactions for better multidrug-resistant tuberculosis management.

Drug metabolism reviews·2026
Same journal

Identification and characterization of a novel aldehyde metabolite of WIN18,446 and associated WIN18,446-ALDH1A2 protein adducts using mass spectrometry.

Drug metabolism reviews·2026
Same journal

Pharmacomicrobiomics in precision pharmacotherapy: bidirectional microbial-drug interactions as a key determinant of therapeutic response.

Drug metabolism reviews·2026
Same journal

Population pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin: a systematic review.

Drug metabolism reviews·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development
09:32

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development

Published on: June 15, 2017

9.3K

CYP2J2 - regulation, function and polymorphism.

Michael Murray1

  • 1a Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School , University of Sydney , NSW , Australia.

Drug Metabolism Reviews
|June 11, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human CYP2J2, an enzyme metabolizing fatty acids, plays a key role in cardiovascular health. Understanding its regulation offers therapeutic potential for complex diseases.

Keywords:
CYP2J2 gene regulationCYP2J2 polymorphismsPolyunsaturated fatty acid epoxygenaseepoxydocosapentaenoic acidsepoxyeicosatetraenoic acidsepoxyeicosatrienoic acids

More Related Videos

Functional Characterization of Endogenously Expressed Human RYR1 Variants
07:59

Functional Characterization of Endogenously Expressed Human RYR1 Variants

Published on: June 9, 2021

3.1K
A Method to Study the C924T Polymorphism of the Thromboxane A2 Receptor Gene
07:00

A Method to Study the C924T Polymorphism of the Thromboxane A2 Receptor Gene

Published on: April 1, 2019

10.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development
09:32

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development

Published on: June 15, 2017

9.3K
Functional Characterization of Endogenously Expressed Human RYR1 Variants
07:59

Functional Characterization of Endogenously Expressed Human RYR1 Variants

Published on: June 9, 2021

3.1K
A Method to Study the C924T Polymorphism of the Thromboxane A2 Receptor Gene
07:00

A Method to Study the C924T Polymorphism of the Thromboxane A2 Receptor Gene

Published on: April 1, 2019

10.5K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are oxidized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes into epoxides, which regulate vital physiological functions.
  • Human CYP2J2 is a crucial epoxygenase expressed in various tissues, notably the heart and vasculature.
  • CYP2J2 overexpression has shown promise in reversing pathological conditions like hypertension and insulin resistance in animal models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the molecular regulation of human CYP2J2, focusing on transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms.
  • To investigate the impact of genetic variations, specifically the CYP2J2-76G>T polymorphism (*7 allele), on enzyme activity and associated health outcomes.
  • To identify potential therapeutic strategies targeting CYP2J2 for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on CYP2J2 regulation, including transcription factors (Sp1, AP-1) and micro-RNA (Let-7b).
  • Analysis of studies examining the effects of stress stimuli (antioxidants, cytokines) on CYP2J2 expression.
  • Examination of genetic association studies linking CYP2J2 polymorphisms to cardiovascular and metabolic health.

Main Results:

  • CYP2J2 gene expression is influenced by transcription factors Sp1 and AP-1, and post-transcriptionally by Let-7b.
  • CYP2J2 expression is modulated by various stress stimuli in a cell-specific manner.
  • The *7 allele of CYP2J2 may be associated with altered epoxygenase activity and potentially adverse cardiovascular outcomes, though findings are conflicting.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding CYP2J2 regulation is crucial for elucidating pathogenic processes in complex diseases.
  • Targeting CYP2J2 or its epoxide metabolites may offer novel therapeutic avenues for cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.
  • Further research into CYP2J2 genetic variations and their clinical implications is warranted.