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Nutritional status of children with clinical conditions

Alexia J Murphy1, Rebecca J Hill1, Helen Buntain2

  • 1Children's Nutrition Research Centre, Child Health Research Centre, Centre for Child Health Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
|June 13, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Children with cancer, Crohn's disease, and anorexia nervosa show significant malnutrition, with reduced body cell mass (BCM) independent of BMI. Assessing body composition is crucial for understanding pediatric nutritional status in various clinical conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Clinical Biochemistry
  • Body Composition Analysis

Background:

  • Nutritional status is critical in pediatric clinical conditions.
  • Body cell mass (BCM) is a key indicator of nutritional status.
  • Understanding BCM in various pediatric diseases is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the body cell mass (BCM) in children with cancer, Crohn's disease (CD), cystic fibrosis (CF), and anorexia nervosa (AN).
  • To evaluate the nutritional status of these pediatric patient groups.

Main Methods:

  • Anthropometry was measured in 259 children with cancer, AN, CF, CD, and 108 healthy controls.
  • Body cell mass (BCM) was calculated using whole body potassium-40 counting.
  • BCM was height-adjusted (BCMI) and expressed as Z-scores.

Main Results:

  • Children with CD and AN had significantly lower BMI Z-scores than controls and cancer/CF groups.
  • Cancer, CD, and AN groups showed significantly reduced BCM compared to healthy controls and the CF group.
  • Malnutrition prevalence (BCMI Z-score) was high: 42.4% in cancer, 41.7% in CD, 27.1% in AN, and 4.0% in CF.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric patients with cancer, CD, and AN exhibit altered BCM, indicating malnutrition.
  • BCM alterations can occur independently of Body Mass Index (BMI).
  • Comprehensive body composition assessment is vital for evaluating nutritional status in children with clinical conditions.
Abstract

Keywords:
Anorexia nervosaCancerCrohn's diseaseCystic fibrosisMalnutritionNutritional status

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