Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery
09:47

Anesthesia and Intubation of Preadolescent Mouse Pups for Cardiothoracic Surgery

Published on: June 2, 2022

2.9K

Optimized preoperative fasting times decrease ketone body concentration and stabilize mean arterial blood pressure

Nils Dennhardt1, Christiane Beck1, Dirk Huber1

  • 1Clinic for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hanover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.

Paediatric Anaesthesia
|June 14, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Optimized preoperative fasting in children under 36 months reduces fasting times and improves metabolic and hemodynamic stability during anesthesia induction. This study highlights the benefits of adhering to guidelines for better patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Anesthesiology
  • Clinical Observational Studies
  • Preoperative Management

Background:

  • Preoperative fasting guidelines are frequently exceeded in pediatric anesthesia.
  • This practice can lead to adverse metabolic and hemodynamic changes during anesthesia induction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of optimized preoperative fasting management (OPT) on metabolic and hemodynamic parameters in young children undergoing anesthesia.
  • Specifically assess effects on glucose, ketone bodies, acid-base balance, and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP).

Main Methods:

  • A noninterventional cohort study comparing 50 children (0-36 months) managed with OPT to 50 children (OLD) managed with older fasting protocols.
  • Patients were matched for weight, age, and height.

Main Results:

  • The OPT group exhibited significantly shorter fasting times (6.0 vs. 8.5 hours) and reduced deviation from guidelines (1.2 vs. 3.7 hours).
  • Ketone body levels were significantly lower (0.2 vs. 0.6 mmol·l⁻¹) and the incidence of hypotension (MAP <40 mmHg) was reduced (0 vs. 5 children) in the OPT group.
  • Mean arterial blood pressure after induction was significantly higher in the OPT group (55.2 vs. 50.3 mmHg).

Conclusions:

  • Optimized preoperative fasting significantly improves metabolic and hemodynamic conditions during anesthesia induction in children under 36 months.
  • Adherence to optimized fasting protocols is recommended for enhanced patient safety and stability in pediatric anesthesia.
Abstract

Keywords:
acid-baseblood pressurechildrenfastingglucoseketone bodies

More Related Videos

Use of a Low-flow Digital Anesthesia System for Mice and Rats08:06

Use of a Low-flow Digital Anesthesia System for Mice and Rats

Published on: September 7, 2016

18.8K
Elevated Plus Maze Test Combined with Video Tracking Software to Investigate the Anxiolytic Effect of Exogenous Ketogenic Supplements05:42

Elevated Plus Maze Test Combined with Video Tracking Software to Investigate the Anxiolytic Effect of Exogenous Ketogenic Supplements

Published on: January 7, 2019

33.0K

Related Concept Videos

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
893
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
2.2K
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
957
Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy01:26

Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy

Sigmoidoscopy and laparoscopy are distinct medical procedures that enable physicians to internally inspect different parts of the GI tract. Although they serve different purposes, each is essential for diagnosing and, in some cases, treating various medical conditions.
Sigmoidoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure that uses a flexible sigmoidoscope equipped with a light source and camera to examine the rectum and sigmoid colon. The procedure involves inserting the tube through the anus...
987
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
652
Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Assessing Blood Pressure01:10

Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Assessing Blood Pressure

Accurate blood pressure assessment is crucial for diagnosing and managing various health conditions. To ensure the reliability of these measurements, healthcare professionals must adhere to standardized pre-procedural guidelines. These guidelines enhance patient safety and improve the overall quality of healthcare. The following steps are essential for obtaining accurate and consistent blood pressure readings, from using the appropriate tools to ensuring effective communication with the...
939