Genetics of the acute coronary syndrome

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Genetics
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Acute coronary artery syndrome (ACS) is a major cause of death globally, with increasing prevalence in Asia.
• Coronary artery disease (CAD) arises from a complex interplay of acquired and inherited risk factors.
• Recent advancements in genomics have significantly improved our understanding of CAD's genetic underpinnings.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current understanding of genetic factors contributing to acute CAD risk.
• To highlight the importance of genetic predisposition in CAD etiology.
• To explore the impact of genetic research on preventive and therapeutic strategies for CAD.

Main Methods:

• This review synthesizes findings from experimental and epidemiological studies.
• It focuses on advancements in whole genome scanning and genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
• The review adopts a narrative approach to explore the genetic basis of CAD.

Main Results:

• Genetic factors are integral to the multifactorial nature of CAD.
• Genome-wide studies have identified numerous genetic variants associated with CAD risk.
• Understanding genetic contributions is key to personalized medicine approaches for CAD.

Conclusions:

• Genetic predisposition is a critical determinant of acute CAD risk.
• Continued research into genetic factors will refine risk prediction and inform targeted interventions.
• Integrating genetic insights into clinical practice is essential for managing the growing burden of CAD.