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Dishonest responding creates cognitive "switch costs," similar to task switching. These effects persist even after an unrelated task, suggesting stable mental sets for honesty and dishonesty.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Dishonest responding is a common behavior, yet its cognitive aftereffects are understudied.
  • Previous research focused on immediate effects, neglecting longer-term consequences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cognitive aftereffects of dishonest responding.
  • To explore honest and dishonest responding as distinct intentional sets using task-switching paradigms.

Main Methods:

  • Four experiments involving participants responding honestly or dishonestly to yes/no questions.
  • Utilized task-switching methods, including immediate and delayed task repetitions.
  • Incorporated a control condition to isolate mechanisms of dishonesty.

Main Results:

  • Robust switch costs observed between honest and dishonest responding, persisting even with intervening tasks.
  • Dishonest responding led to a more liberal response criterion in subsequent tasks.
  • Asymmetrical switch costs were influenced by preparation time for the next intentional set.
  • Negation processing identified as a key mechanism underlying dishonest responding.

Conclusions:

  • Honest and dishonest responding are supported by distinct, stable mental sets.
  • The cognitive aftereffects of dishonesty are significant and not easily disrupted by intervening tasks.
  • Findings may enhance lie detection protocols by understanding cognitive load associated with dishonesty.