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Human T-cell lymphotropic virus, type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy: MR findings
Abstract:
We present a case of human T-cell lymphotropic virus, type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy, also known as tropical spastic paresis. While the literature has previously described the neuroradiological findings of spinal atrophy and hyperintense T2 lesions involving the cerebral white matter, little information is available about musculoskeletal imaging findings. Our patient demonstrated diffuse muscle atrophy of the thigh muscles, particularly the posteromedial groups. Our case supports HTLV-1-associated myelopathy as a disease of neurological etiology with resulting muscular denervation.
Insights
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy can cause significant muscle atrophy, particularly in the thighs. This case highlights the neurological basis of muscular denervation in HTLV-1 infection.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Musculoskeletal Imaging
Background:
- Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy (HAM), also known as tropical spastic paresis (TSP), is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system.
- While spinal cord atrophy and cerebral white matter lesions are documented neuroradiological findings in HAM/TSP, musculoskeletal manifestations are less understood.
Observation:
- This case report details a patient diagnosed with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy.
- The patient presented with significant diffuse muscle atrophy, notably affecting the posteromedial thigh muscles.
Findings:
- Musculoskeletal imaging revealed pronounced muscle atrophy in the thigh musculature.
- These findings suggest a direct link between the neurological impact of HTLV-1 and subsequent muscle wasting.
Implications:
- This case underscores the importance of considering muscular denervation in the spectrum of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy.
- Further research into the musculoskeletal consequences of HTLV-1 infection is warranted to improve patient diagnosis and management.
- Integrating neurological and musculoskeletal assessments may offer a more comprehensive understanding of HAM/TSP progression.
