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Mortality Among Adults With Intellectual Disability in England: Comparisons With the General Population.
Fay J Hosking1, Iain M Carey1, Sunil M Shah1
1At the time of the study, Fay J. Hosking, Iain M. Carey, Sunil M. Shah, Tess Harris, Stephen DeWilde, and Derek G. Cook were with the Population Health Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, England. Carole Beighton was with the Faculty of Heath Social Care and Education, Kingston and St George's, University of London.
American Journal of Public Health
|June 17, 2016
Summary
Adults with intellectual disability face significantly higher mortality rates compared to the general population. Over a third of these deaths were preventable with better healthcare interventions, highlighting a critical disparity.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Disability Studies
Background:
- Intellectual disability (ID) is associated with health disparities.
- Understanding mortality risks in adults with ID is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare mortality rates in adults with intellectual disability against the general population in England.
- To identify the proportion of deaths among adults with ID that are amenable to healthcare.
Main Methods:
- A cohort study was conducted from 2009 to 2013.
- Data from 343 general practices included 16,666 adults with ID and 113,562 matched controls.
- Mortality rates and hazard ratios (HR) were calculated, adjusting for comorbidities, smoking, and deprivation.
Main Results:
- Adults with ID had a 3.6-fold higher mortality rate (HR=3.6; 95% CI=3.3, 3.9).
- Adjusted mortality risk remained elevated (HR=3.1; 95% CI=2.7, 3.4).
- 37.0% of deaths in adults with ID were amenable to healthcare, versus 22.5% in controls (HR=5.9; 95% CI=5.1, 6.8).
Conclusions:
- Mortality is markedly elevated in adults with intellectual disability.
- A significant proportion of these deaths are preventable through improved healthcare access and quality.
- Addressing this disparity is essential for equitable health outcomes.
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