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The Effect of an Increased Minimum Wage on Infant Mortality and Birth Weight
Kelli A Komro1, Melvin D Livingston1, Sara Markowitz1
1Kelli A. Komro is with the Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA. Melvin D. Livingston is with the Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Health Sciences Center, University of North Texas, Fort Worth. Sara Markowitz is with the Department of Economics, Emory University. Alexander C. Wagenaar is with the Institute for Child Health Policy, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville.
Objectives:
To investigate the effects of state minimum wage laws on low birth weight and infant mortality in the United States.
Methods:
We estimated the effects of state-level minimum wage laws using a difference-in-differences approach on rates of low birth weight (< 2500 g) and postneonatal mortality (28-364 days) by state and month from 1980 through 2011. All models included state and year fixed effects as well as state-specific covariates.
Results:
Across all models, a dollar increase in the minimum wage above the federal level was associated with a 1% to 2% decrease in low birth weight births and a 4% decrease in postneonatal mortality.
Conclusions:
If all states in 2014 had increased their minimum wages by 1 dollar, there would likely have been 2790 fewer low birth weight births and 518 fewer postneonatal deaths for the year.
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