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Rhodococcus equi Infections in Dogs.

L K Bryan1, S D Clark1, J Díaz-Delgado1

  • 11 Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.

Veterinary Pathology
|June 18, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rhodococcus equi can cause severe internal infections in dogs, including endophthalmitis and endocarditis. Immunocompromised dogs are particularly at risk for this serious bacterial infection.

Keywords:
Rhodococcus equicanineendocarditisendophthalmitispneumoniavapN

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Bacteriology

Background:

  • Rhodococcus equi is an important pathogen in foals, but its role in companion animals is less understood.
  • Canine infections with R. equi can lead to severe, systemic disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe clinical cases of Rhodococcus equi infection in dogs.
  • To characterize the virulence factors of R. equi isolates from dogs.
  • To identify risk factors associated with R. equi infection in dogs.

Main Methods:

  • Case review of Rhodococcus equi infections in dogs from 2003-2014.
  • Pathological examination of affected tissues to identify lesions.
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of bacterial isolates for virulence-associated plasmid (vap) genes.

Main Results:

  • Five cases of R. equi infection in dogs were identified.
  • Three dogs presented with previously undescribed severe internal lesions: endophthalmitis, endocarditis, and suppurative pleuropneumonia.
  • One isolate carried the novel vapN-associated plasmid (pVAPN), not previously seen in companion animal isolates.
  • Four dogs were immunocompromised due to immunosuppressive drugs or endocrinopathies.

Conclusions:

  • Rhodococcus equi can cause significant and severe infections in dogs.
  • Immunocompromised dogs, including those with endocrinopathies, are at increased risk.
  • The presence of novel virulence plasmids like pVAPN in canine isolates warrants further investigation.