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Chronic morpholine exposure of rats.

R D Harbison1, D J Marino, C C Conaway

  • 1Center for Environmental Toxicology, University of Florida, Alachua 32615.

Fundamental and Applied Toxicology : Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology
|April 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

This 2-year study found that chronic morpholine inhalation exposure in rats showed no carcinogenic potential or systemic toxicity. Local irritation effects were observed, primarily in high-dose groups, consistent with morpholine

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Carcinogenesis
  • Chemical Safety

Background:

  • Morpholine is a widely used industrial chemical.
  • Assessing the long-term health effects of chemical exposure is crucial for regulatory and safety purposes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the chronic toxicity and carcinogenic potential of morpholine following inhalation exposure in Sprague-Dawley rats.
  • To determine the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) for morpholine toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • 60 Sprague-Dawley rats/sex/group were exposed to morpholine at 0, 10, 50, and 150 ppm for 6 hr/day, 5 days/week, for 104 weeks.
  • Comprehensive assessments included survival, body weight, organ weights, hematology, clinical chemistries, and histopathology.
  • Ophthalmoscopic and microscopic examinations were conducted to assess local effects.

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Main Results:

  • No significant differences in survival, body weight, organ weights, hematology, or clinical chemistries were observed between exposed and control groups.
  • Incidences of neoplasia were comparable across all groups, indicating no carcinogenic potential.
  • Local irritation (corneal, nasal, and turbinate) was observed, predominantly in the high-dose group (150 ppm).

Conclusions:

  • Chronic inhalation exposure to morpholine at concentrations up to 150 ppm for 2 years did not induce systemic toxicity or carcinogenic effects in rats.
  • Morpholine exhibited local irritant properties, affecting the eyes and respiratory tract, particularly at higher exposure levels.
  • The study supports the classification of morpholine as a local irritant rather than a systemic toxicant or carcinogen under the tested conditions.