EXPRESSION OF PEROXISOME-PROLIFERATOR ACTIVATED RECEPTORS-γ IN DIABETICS, OBESE AND NORMAL SUBJECTS

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Metabolic Disorders
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) research increasingly focuses on Peroxisome-Proliferator Activated Receptors (PPARs) and their role in Insulin Resistance Syndrome (IRS).
• PPARs are implicated in the pre-diabetic lesions and are characteristic of established T2DM.
• This study investigates the status of PPAR-γ in adipose tissue of T2DM patients compared to controls.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify abnormal PPAR-γ expression in adipose tissue of T2DM patients.
• To compare PPAR-γ levels between T2DM patients, obese individuals, and normal controls.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study conducted from 2012-2014 at Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad.
• Participants were divided into three groups: T2DM patients, non-diabetic obese individuals, and normal subjects (aged 40-65 years).
• Transcription Factor Assay for Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma (PPAR-γ) was performed using ELISA on nuclear extracts from adipose tissue.

Main Results:

• The mean age of participants was 48.93 ± 6.52 years.
• Mean PPAR-γ values were 1.72 ± 0.28 in normal controls, 1.28 ± 0.18 in obese individuals, and 1.28 ± 0.18 in T2DM patients.
• A significant difference (p < 0.05) in mean PPAR-γ values was observed between the groups.

Conclusions:

• Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus exhibit significantly lower levels of PPAR-γ in adipose tissue compared to normal controls.
• Obese individuals also show significantly reduced PPAR-γ levels compared to normal controls.
• These findings suggest a potential role for reduced PPAR-γ in the pathogenesis of T2DM and obesity.