[Cryptorchidism and fertility]

Through the completion of the first year of life, cryptorchidism is the most common genital malformation in pediatric urology; unilateral cryptorchidism is detected in about 1% of full-term male infants and a fifth (20%) of children are bilaterally affected.

It must be understood that azoospemia affects about 10% of men with unilateral and about 32% of men with bilateral cryptorchidism and that approximately 10-20% of men, in whom infertility has been diagnosed, have a history of orchiopexy.

What factors influencing the fate of postpubertal spermatogenesis are dependent on the first year of life? The purpose of this article is to answer questions and summarize the current knowledge about this complex topic.