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In vivo Structural Assessments of Ocular Disease in Rodent Models using Optical Coherence Tomography

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Published on: July 24, 2020

Imaging drusens using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography.

Laxmi Gella¹, Rajiv Raman², Tarun Sharma²

¹Elite School of Optometry, No. 8, G.S.T. Road, St. Thomas Mount, Chennai 600 016, Tamil Nadu, India; Shri Bhagwan Mahavir Vitreoretinal Services, 18, College Road, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai 600 006, Tamil Nadu, India.

Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology : Official Journal of the Saudi Ophthalmological Society

|June 23, 2016

Summary

Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) revealed reduced retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptor layer thickness in dry age-related macular degeneration with drusen. Increased age is a risk factor, while thicker photoreceptor layers are protective.

Keywords:

Age related macular degeneration Photoreceptor layer Retinal pigment epithelium Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Medical Imaging
Retinal Diseases

Background:

Dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss.
Drusen are characteristic lesions in AMD, indicating pathological changes.
Understanding early structural changes is crucial for AMD management.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate pathological changes in the photoreceptor layer (PRL) and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in eyes with drusen.
To utilize Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) for detailed structural analysis.
To compare these changes between patients with dry AMD and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

Inclusion of 29 eyes with dry AMD (drusen) and 43 control eyes.
Comprehensive ophthalmic examination including SD-OCT.
Measurement and comparison of Central Foveal Thickness (CFT), PRL thickness, and RPE thickness between groups.

Main Results:

Significant reduction in RPE thickness (36.10 ± 5.48 μm vs 39.27 ± 4.30 μm) and PRL thickness (53.93 ± 7.36 μm vs 61.20 ± 4.50 μm) in patients with drusen compared to controls.
Increased age identified as a significant risk factor for drusen (OR: 1.22, p < 0.001).
Increased PRL thickness demonstrated a protective effect (OR: 0.720, p = 0.002) and was associated with Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) (p = 0.019).

Conclusions:

SD-OCT provides enhanced resolution for defining outer retinal layer involvement in dry AMD.
SD-OCT may facilitate early detection of exudative changes associated with AMD.
Structural alterations in RPE and PRL are key indicators in early AMD.