[Study of the functional status of the heart in diabetes mellitus based on echocardiographic data]

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Endocrinology
• Diabetology

Context:

• Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disorder with significant cardiovascular implications.
• Echocardiographic assessment is crucial for evaluating cardiac structure and function in patients with DM.
• Previous studies have highlighted the association between DM and various cardiac abnormalities.

Purpose:

• To investigate the echocardiographic findings in a cohort of 84 patients with diabetes mellitus.
• To correlate cardiac structural and functional changes with diabetes severity, age, and treatment modalities.
• To identify specific cardiac manifestations in young, insulin-treated patients with labile glycemia.

Summary:

• Echocardiographic data revealed left-ventricular hypertrophy, reduced end-diastolic volume, and reduced stroke volume in diabetes mellitus patients, particularly those with moderate to severe disease.
• A subset of young, insulin-treated patients (11%) with labile glycemia exhibited mitral valve prolapse and potential aortic valve prolapse.
• These patients also frequently presented with heart rate and conductivity disorders, including second-degree sino-auricular block and supraventricular extrasystoles.

Impact:

• This study underscores the significant impact of diabetes mellitus on cardiac health, highlighting the prevalence of left-ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction.
• The findings emphasize the increased risk of valvular prolapse and conduction abnormalities in specific diabetic patient subgroups, necessitating targeted cardiac monitoring.
• Understanding these echocardiographic patterns can aid in early detection and management of cardiovascular complications in diabetes mellitus patients.