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The effect of the squat exercise on knee stability
T J Chandler1, G D Wilson, M H Stone
1Department of Health and Human Performance, Auburn University, AL 36849.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|June 1, 1989
Summary
Squat exercises, including full and half squats, did not consistently improve knee stability in college students. Long-term squat training in powerlifters and weightlifters also showed no significant effect on knee stability measures.
Area of Science:
- Sports Medicine
- Biomechanics
- Orthopedics
Background:
- Conflicting research exists regarding the impact of squat exercises on knee stability.
- Understanding the effects of squat training on ligamentous laxity is crucial for injury prevention and performance optimization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the short-term effects of squat training on knee stability in college students.
- To examine the long-term effects of squat training on knee stability in experienced powerlifters and weightlifters.
Main Methods:
- One hundred college students underwent knee stability testing using a knee ligament arthrometer over an 8-week training program.
- Twenty-seven male powerlifters and 28 male weightlifters were assessed on nine knee stability tests, with data analyzed by experience and skill level.
Main Results:
- Short-term squat training (full or half squats) did not consistently alter knee stability compared to controls.
- Long-term squat training in powerlifters and weightlifters did not demonstrate a significant effect on overall knee stability.
- Powerlifters and weightlifters showed increased tightness in specific anterior drawer tests at 90 degrees of knee flexion compared to controls.
Conclusions:
- Neither short-term nor long-term squat training consistently enhances knee stability as measured by specific arthrometer tests.
- While some specific measures showed differences in trained athletes, overall squat training did not prove to be a significant factor in improving knee stability across the board.