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Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, Growth, Nutrition, and Adipokines at School Age

Piia Suursalmi1, Päivi Korhonen1, Tarja Kopeli2

  • 1Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland; University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.

Global Pediatric Health
|June 24, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) showed no significant growth differences but had altered adipokine levels. Nutritional intake was poor in all groups, with some adipokines correlating with diet.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Neonatology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease affecting premature infants.
  • Growth and nutritional status are critical concerns in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) survivors.
  • Adipokines, hormones from adipose tissue, may play a role in metabolic regulation and growth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate nutrition, growth, and plasma adipokine profiles in school-aged children with a history of VLBW and BPD.
  • To explore correlations between adipokine levels, anthropometric measurements, and dietary intake.

Main Methods:

  • Anthropometric measurements (including head circumference) were taken.
  • Plasma levels of adipsin, resistin, adiponectin, and leptin were measured.
  • Three-day food records were analyzed for nutritional intake.

Main Results:

  • Children with BPD exhibited smaller head circumference and microcephaly, but overall growth was comparable to VLBW controls.
  • Nutritional intake was suboptimal across all groups and did not differ significantly.
  • Leptin levels positively correlated with BMI SDS in VLBW children.
  • Negative correlations were observed between certain adipokines (leptin, resistin, adiponectin, adipsin) and energy, fat, or carbohydrate intake.

Conclusions:

  • VLBW children with BPD may experience subtle neurodevelopmental differences (microcephaly) despite similar overall growth.
  • Poor nutritional intake is prevalent in this cohort.
  • Adipokine levels show complex relationships with diet, but not consistently with growth parameters in this age group.

Keywords:
adipokinesbronchopulmonary dysplasiagrowthmicrocephalynutrition

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