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[Runoff Pollution Experiments of Paddy Fields Under Different Irrigation Patterns].

Jing-wen Zhou, Bao-lin Su, Ning-bo Huang

    Huan Jing Ke Xue= Huanjing Kexue
    |June 25, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary

    Intermittent irrigation in paddy fields significantly reduces non-point source pollution. This water management strategy minimizes runoff and nutrient loss (total nitrogen and total phosphorus) compared to flood irrigation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Agricultural Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Hydrology

    Background:

    • Paddy fields are significant sources of non-point source pollution.
    • Effective agricultural water management is crucial for mitigating environmental impacts.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate runoff and non-point source pollution in paddy fields.
    • To establish a scientific basis for optimizing paddy field water management.
    • To compare the pollution loads under different irrigation patterns.

    Main Methods:

    • Field experiments were conducted on paddy plots in Jintan and Liyang cities.
    • Flood irrigation and intermittent irrigation patterns were implemented.
    • Surface water levels, rainfall, runoff volume, total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) loads were monitored and calculated.

    Main Results:

    • Flood irrigation resulted in pollution from 5 out of 27 rain events and one drainage, with TN and TP export coefficients of 49.4 kg·hm⁻² and 1.0 kg·hm⁻², respectively.
    • Intermittent irrigation prevented any runoff events, even with a maximum rainfall of 95.1 mm.
    • Runoff was correlated with paddy water demand, irrigation/drainage management, surface water level, rainfall, and outlet ridge height.

    Conclusions:

    • Intermittent irrigation substantially reduces non-point source pollution from paddy fields compared to flood irrigation.
    • Water management strategies directly influence runoff and nutrient export from agricultural lands.
    • Optimizing irrigation techniques is key to sustainable paddy cultivation and water resource protection.